Health Editor’s Note: As of 2015 Medicare provided health insurance for over 55,000,000 with 46,000,000 older and 9,000,000 younger than 65. Medicare covers about half the healthcare charges. Enrollees are responsible for the remainder of the costs.
Medicare is a single-payer national health insurance program. It began in 1966 under the auspices of the Social Security Administration and is now administered by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services of the federal government. Medicare provides health insurance for Americans aged 65 and older who have worked and paid into the system through a payroll tax.Medicare is funded by payroll tax, premiums and surtaxes from beneficiaries, and general revenue. Others who can be covered by Medicare are those with the disability status determined by the SSA as well as those with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and end stage renal disease.
Is Medicare a form of socialism?….Carol
Medicare for All’ Isn’t Just Socialism
There is Bipartisan Appeal
by
Everyone thinks of “Medicare for all” as a liberal idea, an extremely liberal one embraced by the socialist wing of the Democratic Party. It’s an idea Democrats were hesitant to embrace in the Obama era, for being too far out of mainstream political thought. It was thought of as an idea that was too easy to demonize as socialism.
What everyone seems to be forgetting is that “Medicare for all” could end up being a politically moderate way to bring more market competition to the U.S. health care system. Think I’m kidding? Give me a chance to explain myself.
Deciding whether Medicare is “socialism”
When we call a health care system socialized, we need to clarify what part of the system we are talking about. For example, Canada has a socialized payment system, which they (unoriginally) call Medicare. But Canada doesn’t have a socialized provider system. Instead, Canadian hospitals and clinicians work in private enterprises, billing Medicare for their services.
By contrast, the United Kingdom has a fully socialized system, with payment coming from the government, providers working with government employees, and hospitals and clinics owned and operated by the government.
In keeping with this view of socialism, “Medicare for all” is not the same as a fully socialized health care system. Under Medicare, providers are still free to operate as private enterprises, and can decide whether to operate as nonprofit organizations – like the Mayo Clinic – or as for-profit ones – like the Hospital Corporation of America.
Even more important, we can’t even call “Medicare for all” a socialized payment system. I’ll explain more about that in a short while.
Deciding whether Medicare is “single payer”
When Americans promote “Medicare for all,” many point to the benefits they perceive will follow from having a single-payer system. But we have to be careful not to equate Medicare with single-payer. Currently, Medicare is available to Americans 65 or older, as well as to those with kidney failure or chronic disability. But Medicare is not a single-payer. That’s because Americans are increasingly receiving Medicare coverage through private insurance companies, i.e., Medicare Advantage. In 2005, 13% of Medicare enrollees chose private insurance plans; that number rose to 33% by 2017. By 2027, experts predict that more than 40% of Medicare coverage will be through private insurers.
Under Medicare Advantage, private insurers have an opportunity to compete for business. A plan might offer expanded coverage: adult day care, for example, or subsidization of the cost of installing bars in a person’s bathroom to reduce the risk of falling.
In theory, private insurers can test ways of providing healthcare more efficiently to their enrollees, thus making healthcare more affordable and/or more generous than it would be under a government-only Medicare program. Private insurers have been exploring a wide range of ways to simultaneously lower healthcare spending while improving healthcare quality, leveraging their enormous reams of data and their close-working relationships with providers. Now admittedly, the efficiency of Medicare Advantage is controversial. Insurers seem to be better at lowering healthcare spending in theory than in reality. But moving to a single-payer would reduce variation in how third-party payers function, leading to less room for innovation in this part of the healthcare market.
The bipartisan appeal of “Medicare for all”
That’s why in thinking through whether “Medicare for all” is a good idea, we have to remember the following facts:
1. “Medicare for all” would expand the marketplace for health care insurance and delivery.
2. “Medicare for all” would allow people to choose among health care insurers, both public and private, and both for-profit and nonprofit.
3. “Medicare for all” would allow people to seek care at private hospitals and medical clinics — public or private, for-profit or not-for-profit.
4. “Medicare for all” would give both parties something they dislike. Republicans would see more tax dollars going to health care, while Democrats would see a health care market still dominated by large insurance companies.
5. “Medicare for all” would give both parties something they like. Republicans would see a more robust private insurance market, while Democrats would finally have the universal health care coverage they crave.
Let’s not too readily dismiss “Medicare for all” as a socialist idea. It can be much more than that.
Peter Ubel, MD, is a physician and behavioral scientist who blogs at his self-titled site, Peter Ubel and can be reached on Twitter @PeterUbel. He is the author of “Critical Decisions: How You and Your Doctor Can Make the Right Medical Choices Together.” This article originally appeared in Forbes, and also appeared on KevinMD.
Carol graduated from Riverside White Cross School of Nursing in Columbus, Ohio and received her diploma as a registered nurse. She attended Bowling Green State University where she received a Bachelor of Arts Degree in History and Literature. She attended the University of Toledo, College of Nursing, and received a Master’s of Nursing Science Degree as an Educator.
She has traveled extensively, is a photographer, and writes on medical issues. Carol has three children RJ, Katherine, and Stephen – one daughter-in-law; Katie – two granddaughters; Isabella Marianna and Zoe Olivia – and one grandson, Alexander Paul. She also shares her life with her husband Gordon Duff, many cats, and two rescues.
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